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Saturday, June 23, 2012

Subaru's EyeSight Offers Old School Accident Avoidance

Eyesight

Most accident avoidance systems use a combination of optical and radar sensors to recognize cars and pedestrians, but Subaru's new EyeSight system is simpler: using two CCD cameras mounted on either side of the rearview mirror, the arrangement processes stereoscopic images and uses shape recognition software to perceive potential impact, applying brakes when necessary.

Our nighttime test drive through North Carolina's Outer Banks picked up on cyclists and drunk teenage pedestrians, with the system warning of their presence on the dashboard; though radar-based systems work over longer distances, EyeSight's 80 meter (262 foot) range served our purposes fine. And while some drivers might prefer to switch the accident detection system off if they enjoy aggressively approaching slow moving traffic, our 2013 Subaru Outback tester proved the system's effectiveness when it came to a screeching halt just short of a car mockup.

The best part about EyeSight? Its $1,295 cost, which undercuts Volvo's City Safety system by about $800.

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Friday, June 22, 2012

Actor Alec Baldwin, photographer clash in New York

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Thursday, June 21, 2012

Va. inventor claims design for BP well cap stolen (Providence Journal)

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Children exposed to HIV in the womb at increased risk for hearing loss

ScienceDaily (June 20, 2012) ? Children exposed to HIV in the womb may be more likely to experience hearing loss by age 16 than are their unexposed peers, according to scientists in a National Institutes of Health research network.

The researchers estimated that hearing loss affects 9 to 15 percent of HIV-infected children and 5 to 8 percent of children who did not have HIV at birth but whose mothers had HIV infection during pregnancy. Study participants ranged from 7 to 16 years old.

The researchers defined hearing loss as the level at which sounds could be detected, when averaged over four frequencies important for speech understanding (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hertz), that was 20 decibels or higher than the normal hearing level for adolescents or young adults in either ear.

"Children exposed to HIV before birth are at higher risk for hearing difficulty, and it's important for them?and the health providers who care for them?to be aware of this," said George K. Siberry, M.D., of the Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the NIH institute that leads the research network.

The study was published online in The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.

Compared to national averages for other children their age, children with HIV infection were about 200 to 300 percent more likely to have a hearing loss. Children whose mothers had HIV during pregnancy but who themselves were born without HIV were 20 percent more likely than to have hearing loss.

"If parents and teachers know the child has a hearing problem, then they may take measures to compensate in various communication settings, such as placement in the front of the classroom or avoiding noisy settings," explained Howard Hoffman, M.A., director of the Epidemiology and Statistics Program at the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), which provides funding to the network for studies related to hearing and language.

Even a mild hearing loss in children can delay the acquisition of language skills. More severe hearing loss may require the use of assistive devices, such as a hearing aid. Information on hearing and deafness is available from NIDCD.

To determine the types of hearing loss the children experienced, the researchers conducted these evaluations :

Physical examination of the ear canal
Evaluation of the middle ear function, how sound vibrations are transmitted through the middle ear bones
Responses to tones presented over earphones

Hearing loss may occur from damage to the bones and structures in the ear canal and inner ear, or from damage to the nerves leading to the brain.

First author Peter Torre III, Ph.D., of San Diego State University, led the study with Hoffman, Siberry and six other coauthors. Collaborators were from the Harvard School of Public Health, Boston; the University of Kansas, Lawrence; and Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans.

The research was conducted as part of the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study network, led by NICHD in cooperation with and with cofounding from NIDCD and several other NIH institutes, including: the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

More than 200 children and teenagers participated. All had been exposed to HIV before birth, and about 60 percent were HIV-positive at the time of the study. Researchers conducted hearing tests on the children if their parents or caregivers had reported hearing problems, they had low scores on a standard test of language or their health care providers detected hearing problems during standard hearing screenings.

The researchers classified participants who could not hear tones below a certain volume as having hearing loss with difficulties in quiet and noisy settings. The researchers documented a greater proportion of hearing loss cases among HIV-positive children and found that those who had developed AIDS at any point were even more likely to have hearing loss -- even if the disease was under control at the time of the study.

Earlier studies have found that children with HIV are susceptible to middle ear infections. Repeated middle ear infections can cause hearing loss. However, in 60 percent of cases in the study, hearing loss was the result of problems with the transmission of sound from the nerves of the ear to the brain, rather than to damage in the middle ear resulting from ear infections.

"Although ear infections are more common among children with HIV, these do not appear to be the reason their hearing is more likely to be compromised," said Torre. 011012-HIV-treatement-vitamin-D.cfm">previously found that vitamin D supplements might help protect the bones of people taking the anti-HIV drug tenofovir.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

Journal Reference:

Peter Torre, Bret Zeldow, Howard J. Hoffman, Ashley Buchanan, George K. Siberry, Mabel Rice, Patricia A. Sirois, Paige L. Williams. Hearing Loss in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Exposed but Uninfected Children and Adolescents. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2012; : 1 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825b9524

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

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Wednesday, June 20, 2012

Goldman paid bulk of Rajat Gupta's legal fees - NYT

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Close skills gap with training, pay, planning - Business Management ...

increasing skills It?s no secret that America has more workers than jobs. So why is it so hard to fill vacancies at your organization?

Problem: Too many of the 12.7 million out-of-work Americans don?t have the skills your organization needs, so they?re not good candidates. In fact, according to a CareerBuilder poll, nearly one-third of employers can?t find qualified candidates to fill their open jobs, up from 24% a year ago. More than half of U.S. employers are having trouble filling mission-critical positions, a ManpowerGroup report notes.

That means more than just unfilled jobs. When companies can?t recruit the specific talent they need, innovation and competitiveness suffer. Indeed, the undersupply of qualified talent now tops surveys of what worries CEOs most. (It used to be access to capital.)

It?s time to turn around the trend. Here are nine ways organizations are addressing the post-recession skills shortage:

1. Hang on to older workers

The coming exodus of baby boomers from the workplace could sap the expertise and experience your organization relies on to keep business humming. Young replacements are unlikely to possess that level of know-how.

Tip: Create opportunities for older workers to pass their knowledge on to less-experienced colleagues. Develop a plan for replacing highly skilled retirees with similarly skilled newcomers. In addition, offer part-time, temporary and consulting positions to older employees who prefer to slow down rather than retire completely.

2. Grow a local workforce

Reach out to local schools and community and technical colleges with offers of scholarships, grants, internships, part-time jobs and field trips as a way to interest students in your industry. Consult with local educators about your organization?s need for a workforce with better basic reading, writing and math skills. Remind them of the specific technical skills your business needs.

3. Analyze your skills gap

You can?t match candidates with vacant positions unless you know the required skills. Inventory every job in your organization, whether it?s occupied or not. Assess the standard of work you expect from the employee who holds the job and the skills needed to reach that standard. Then, don?t hire less.

Tip: In the process, you might find another skills gap: Job incumbents who aren?t making the grade. Be ready to re??assign, retrain or even dismiss workers whose skills are a mismatch for their own positions.

4. Shake up stale training

If you haven?t yet restored recession-induced cuts to your training budget, it?s time. Use the information you collected during your skills gap analysis to get existing employees up to speed on techniques, trends, new technology and industry benchmarks.

Tip: Base your revamped training program on the specific competencies your organization needs and each employee?s weaknesses.

5. Find the talent hidden within

Analyze the skills of existing employees. You might learn that some of them are well qualified for different jobs in your organization and might serve the company?and themselves?better if they switched.

Tip: Consider that the skills needed for one job might transfer to another, more critical position?with a little training. Avoid boxing employees into the jobs they were hired for.

6. Consider staffing alternatives

Tap the skills of contractors, temps and local entrepreneurs. Hiring highly skilled help on a per-project or temporary basis could be a better choice than filling vacancies with underqualified full-timers.

Bonus: Hiring temporary contract workers allows your organization to staff a project quicker than conducting a full-blown candidate search. It also could mean fewer layoffs if the whole crew isn?t needed once a one-off project winds down.

7. Plan ahead for busier times

Recession-weary businesses have taken to hiring when they actually experience demand, not in anticipation of it. Organizations are becoming even more specific about the skills they need; they?re focused on hiring employees with a narrow skill set.

Result: That can mean empty desks at a time when employers suddenly realize they need help in a hurry.

Tip: Succession planning?for jobs at all levels, not just at the top?en?ables HR to predict when highly skilled em??ployees might retire or quit, to encourage them to stay and to scout out a pool of possible replacements (from within and from outside) who would jump at the chance to join your workforce.

A PricewaterhouseCoopers survey reveals that 71% of CEOs wish they could spend more time developing the leadership cadres and talent pipelines of their businesses.

8. Pay for performance

Once you bring your highly talented superstars on board, pay them like you mean to keep them. If your organization is hanging on to traditional pay practices?longevity bonuses and across-the-board pay raises?consider transitioning into a model that pays high-performing employees what they believe they are worth. That sends underperformers a clear message, through fewer monetary rewards, that they need to step up or step away.

9. Grab your seat at the table

Make sure HR gets heard during strategic planning. As the struggle for talent becomes acute, more CEOs are integrating HR into strategic business planning and operations, the PwC survey shows. Nearly three-quarters of the top U.S. CEOs in the survey count the chief HR officer as a direct report.

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Robotic fingertips are more sensitive than a human's

8 hrs.

Devin Coldewey

Two researchers from USC published a study Monday describing a new kind of robotic sensor, modeled on the human finger, that can feel, explore and identify more than a hundred common materials. They hope the technology will be integrated into prosthetic hands and other devices that could benefit from a tactile sense.

The research grew out of a simple desire to investigate whether a robot could be made to identify textures; now the duo is starting a company called?SynTouch,?outside the university, to further develop the synthetic fingertip they created, with funding from DARPA, the NIH, the NSF and others. Clearly the work touched a nerve, so to speak.

Machines exist that can smell and taste, and of course see and hear, but touch has remained somewhat difficult to even define. Touch involves many sensations: pressure, temperature, vibration, and is as much behavioral as it is mechanical. In order to identify an object, for instance, you might naturally press harder or lighter, or move your fingers in a different direction.

So Professor?Gerald Loeb and doctoral?student Jeremy Fishel (who has?since graduated) had to not only create a device that could replicate those sensations, but to act in a logical manner regarding how the material in question was to be explored. This led to both the BioTac sensor and what they are calling "Bayesian Exploration," (named after pioneering 18th century mathematician Thomas Bayes), a set of algorithms and rules that lets the robot explore objects intelligently.

The BioTac system is more or less an electronic fingertip: the outside is a soft and flexible material with an actual fingerprint pattern that helps in recognizing vibrations. Inside there is a fluid to give the fingertip a pliable but firm structure, and within that fluid, the sensors that detect pressure, temperature and sound (that is, vibrations).

It was trained on 117 materials, from wool to metal to paper, and can identify them correctly 95 percent of the time. It even performed better than humans overall, especially?in distinguishing some highly similar samples.

The BioTac and its associated systems are still in development, and it will be some time before someone with a prosthetic arm will be able to tell the difference between table and coaster with their eyes closed. But the device must certainly be considered highly successful.

Loeb and Fishel's research appeared Monday in Frontiers in Neurorobotics.?You can watch a video of the inventors and their robot on Vimeo.

Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for msnbc.com. His personal website is coldewey.cc.

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